59. b.) without prepositions.

Yet the sole instrumental will not rarely suffice. In the old vedic dialect, the brâhmaṇas included, it is very common, denoting as well concomitancy as mutuality of relations. But in classic Sanskrit it is restricted to the language of poetry and poetical prose and to some typical expressions.

Examples: a.) from the archaic dialect. Ṛgv. 1, 1, 5 devo devebhir āgamat (may the god come with the gods), ibid. 8, 85, 7 maruddhir indra sakhyaṃ te astu; Ait Br. 1, 6, 3 aśnute prajayā ‘nnādyam (he enjoys food with his family), Ch. Up. 5, 10, 9 ācaraṃs taiḥ (conversing with them).

b.) from classic poetry, etc.: 1. concomitancy R. 2, 27, 15 sāhaṃ tvayā gamimaṣyāmi vanam (I shall go to the forest with thee), ibid. 2, 68, 2 asau mātulakule…bharato vasati bhrātrā śatrughnena; — 2. mutuality of relations Daç. 175 tayāpi navavadhvā dveṣam alpetaraṃ babandha (he took a great aversion to his young wife), ibid, 91 tayā bandhakyā paṇabandham akaravam (with this courtesan I made a bargain), R. 3, 18, 19 krūrair anāryaiḥ saumitre parihāsaḥ kathañ cana na kāryaḥ (Laxmana, one should make no joke at all with cruel and vile people), Panc. V, 62 na tābhir mantrayet sudhīḥ (a wise man does not keep counsel with women). It is often said virudhyate śatruṇā without saha, etc.

Rem. 1. Note the turn, instances of which are afforded by Mudr. III, p.116 mayā svajīvanamātreṇaiva sthāpitau (I have left them nothing but life) and Prabodh. V, p.103 acirād asau śarīreṇaiva na bhaviṣyati (in short he will part with his body).

Rem. 2. Note kalaha (quarrel) with the sole instrum. Panc. V, 74 meṣeṇa sūpakārāṇāṃ kalahaḥ (the cooks’ quarrel with the ram).

59. b.) 前置詞を伴わないもの

しかし、単体でのinst.はめったに用いられることがない。ブラーフマナ文献を含む古いヴェーダ語では、相互関係と同じようにして付随性を表すことは非常に一般的である。しかし古典サンスクリットでは、それは、詩や詩的な散文のことば、そしていくつかの定型的表現に限定される。

例：
a.) ヴェーダ語
Ṛgv. 1, 1, 5 devo devebhir āgamat (may the god come with the gods)
ibid. 8, 85, 7 maruddhir indra sakhyaṃ te astu
Ait Br. 1, 6, 3 aśnute prajayā ‘nnādyam (he enjoys food with his family)
Ch. Up. 5, 10, 9 ācaraṃs taiḥ (conversing with them)

b.) 古典詩など
1. 付随
R. 2, 27, 15 sāhaṃ tvayā gamimaṣyāmi vanam (I shall go to the forest with thee)
ibid. 2, 68, 2 asau mātulakule…bharato vasati bhrātrā śatrughnena
2. 相互関係
Daç. 175 tayāpi navavadhvā dveṣam alpetaraṃ babandha (he took a great aversion to his young wife)
ibid. 91 tayā bandhakyā paṇabandham akaravam (with this courtesan I made a bargain)
R. 3, 18, 19 krūrair anāryaiḥ saumitre parihāsaḥ kathañ cana na kāryaḥ (Laxmana, one should make no joke at all with cruel and vile people)
Panc. V, 62 na tābhir mantrayet sudhīḥ (a wise man does not keep counsel with women)

しばしばsaha等を伴わずvirudhyate śatruṇāとも言う。

【補足1】
Mudr. III, p.116 mayā svajīvanamātreṇaiva sthāpitau (I have left them nothing but life)やPrabodh. V, p.103 acirād asau śarīreṇaiva na bhaviṣyati (in short he will part with his body)によって例示されるような転回に注意せよ。

【補足2】
inst.単体を伴うkalaha（喧嘩）に注意せよ。
Panc. V, 74 meṣeṇa sūpakārāṇāṃ kalahaḥ (the cooks’ quarrel with the ram)