81. Dat. of concern.

I. The dative of concern denotes the person or thing concerned by the action, in whose behalf or against whom it is done, or who is anyhow interested by it (*1).

It is put 1.) to transitive verbs, as a.) those of giving and offering, b.) of showing, c.) of telling, speaking, announcing, promising, etc., d.) of doing or wishing good or evil, and the like, for expressing the so-called „remote object”

Remote object.

Examples: a.) R. 2, 40, 14 vāsāṃsyābharaṇāni ca sītāyai śvaśuro dado; Panc. 173 rājapuruṣo vittam upabhuktadhanāya samarpayām āsa (the king's officer gave the money to Upabhuktadhana), Çâk. III darbhān ṛtvigbhya upaharāmi, Mṛcch. I (p. 21) kṛto mayā gṛhadevatābhyo baliḥ; — b.) Kathâs. 29, 32 adarśayatpitre sakhīm (she presented her friend to her father); — c.) Ch. Up. 3, 11, 4 taddhaitadnrabrahmā prajāpataya uvāca prajāpatir manave manuḥ prajābhyaḥ; Kathâs. 53, 139 bālāya… tadvace (the matter was told to the boy), Çâk. VII tat tasyai kathayati (he tells hef so) ; Âçv. Grhy. 1, 22, 10 tadācāryāya vedayīta (he should deliver to his teacher [the alms he has received]) ; Nala 3, 1 tebhyaḥ pratijñāya nalaḥ kareṣya iti (he promised them, he would do so); — d.) Mudr. I (p.44) pītābhyaḥ prakṛtibhyaḥ priyam icchanti rājānaḥ; Mhbh. 1, 3, 178 tasmai pratikuruṣva (requite him this).

2.) to intransitives as those of pleasing, bowing and submitting, appearing etc. So Panc. 282 ricate mahyam (it pleases me), Çâk. V yathā gurubhyo rocate; Nala 5, 16 devebhyaḥ prāñcalir bhūtvā; R. 2, 25, 4 yebhyaḥ praṇamase putra te ca tvām abhirakṣantu (and may those, to whom you bow, my son, preserve you); Nir. 2, 8 tasmai devatā… prādur babhūva (a deity appeared to him).

(*1)
Cp P. 1, 4, 82 karmaṇā yam abhipraiti sa saṃpradānam and Patañjali on that sûtra I, 330.

81. 関与のdat.

I. 関与のdat.は、ある行為—誰のために / 誰に対してそれが行われているか—に関わる人・物を、あるいは誰がそれに興味を持っているかを表す（*1）。〔大別してこれに2種ある。〕

①いわゆる間接目的語（remote object）を表すために、a.) 与える・提供する、b.) 見せる、c.) 伝える・話す・告知する・約束する等、d.) 善いこと/悪いことを為す・願う、などのような他動詞に付される。

○間接目的語の例：
a.)
R. 2, 40, 14 vāsāṃsyābharaṇāni ca sītāyai śvaśuro dado
Panc. 173 rājapuruṣo vittam upabhuktadhanāya samarpayām āsa (the king's officer gave the money to Upabhuktadhana)
Çâk. III darbhān ṛtvagbhya upaharāmi
Mṛcch. I (p. 21) kṛto mayā gṛhad eva tābhyo baliḥ
b.)
Kathâs. 29, 32 adarśayatpitre sakhīm (she presented her friend to her father)
c.)
Ch. Up. 3, 11, 4 taddhaitadbrahmā prajāpataya uvāca prajāpatir manave manuḥ prajābhyaḥ
Kathâs. 53, 139 bālāya…tadṛce (the matter was told to the boy)
Çâk. VII tat tasyai kathayati (he tells her so)
Âçv. Grhy. 1, 22, 10 tadācāryāya vedayīta (he should deliver to his teacher [the alms he has received])
Nala. 3, 1 tebhyaḥ pratijñāya nalaḥ kareṣya iti (he promised them, he would do so)
d.)
Mudr. I (p.44) pītābhyaḥ prakṛtibhyaḥ priyam icchanti rājānaḥ
Mhbh. 1, 3, 178 tasmai pratikuruṣva (requite him this)

②気に入る、お辞儀する、服従する、現れる等の自動詞に付加される。
Panc. 282 ricate mahyam (it pleases me)
Çâk. V yathā gurubhyo rocate
Nala. 5, 16 devebhyaḥ prāñcalir bhūtvā
R. 2, 25, 4 yebhyaḥ praṇamase putra te ca tvām abhirakṣantu (and may those, to whom you bow, my son, preserve you)
Nir. 2, 8 tasmai devatā… prādur babhūva (a deity appeared to him)

（*1）
P. 1, 4, 82 karmaṇā yam abhipraiti sa saṃpradānam、およびPatañjaliの注釈（I, 330）と比較せよ。