88.

Some idioms, though implied by the general description, given in the preceding paragraph, are worth special notice.

1. The datives of abstract nouns, when expressing „to serve to, to conduce to.” They often make up the whole predicate. — Examples: Pat. I, 11 taiva tadna doṣāya bhavati nābhyudayāya (v. a. it is neither good nor evil), Panc. III, 103 paropakāraḥ puṇyāya pāpāya parapīḍnam, ibid. p. 192 laghūnām api saṃśrayo rakṣāyai bhavati (even if weak people keep together, it may afford protection). Cp. the marriage-mantra in Âçv. Grhy. 1, 7, 3 gṛbhṇāmi te saubhagatvāya hastam (I take your hand for happiness’ sake). Compare Latin haec res tibi est laudi.

Similarly saṃyaghyate with dat. — »to turn, to change into”, kalpate (to suit) see 85.

Rem. 1. A vârtt. on Pân. 2, 3, 13 gives a special rule on the dative, when serving to explain a prognostic as vātāya kapilā vidhyudātapāyātilohinī / pītā varṣāya vijñeyā durbhikṣāya sitā bhavet.

Rem. 2. The person, to whom something will conduce to good, evil etc., is put in the genitive: tavaitadhyaśase (this will be to your glory), cp. 130. — In the archaic dialect, however, we have two datives, one of the concern and one of the aim, just as in Latin. A. V. 1, 29, 4 rāṣṭrāya mahyaṃ badhyatāṃ sapatnebhyaḥ parābhuve (let I put it on [viz. the mani], for acquiring my kingdom for myself and defeat for my rivals); Rgv. 2, 1; Ait Br. 2, 3, 3 devebhyo vai paśavo ‘nnādhyāyālambhāya (the sacrificial victims did not stand still to the gods for the sake of being used as food and immolated).

Rem. 3. With manyate (to hold for) the predicative dative may be used instead of the acc. (32, c), if contempt is to be expressed; names of animated beings are excepted and should therefore be put exclusively in the acc. So Pânini (2, 3, 17). Kâç. na tvā tṛṇaṃ or tṛṇāya manye / busam or busāya; yet it allows the dat. of śvan; na tvā śvānaṃ or śune manye. Instances of this dative in literature I have but found for tṛṇāya, see Petr. Dict. s. v. and Daç. 88 kuberadattas tṛṇāya atvārthapatim »Kub. does not tare a straw for Arth."

88. 承前1

一部のイディオムは、前のパラグラフで与えられた概説によって暗示されているが、特別な注意に値する。

1. （ある結果に）「導く、貢献する」を表す場合の抽象名詞のdat.。これらはしばしば述語全体を構成する。
Pat. I, 11 taiva tad na doṣāya bhavati nābhyudayāya (v. a. it is neither good nor evil)
Panc. III, 103 paropakāraḥ puṇyāya pāpāya parapīḍnam
ibid. p. 192 laghūnām api saṃśrayo rakṣāyai bhavati (even if weak people keep together, it may afford protection)

婚礼のマントラ：Âçv. Grhy. 1, 7, 3 gṛbhṇāmi te saubhagatvāya hastam (I take your hand for happiness’ sake)、およびラテン語の”haec res tibi est laudi”と比較せよ。

dat.を伴うsaṃyaghyate（…に変じる）、kalpate（合う）も同様。85をみよ。

【補足1】
vârtt. on P. 2, 3, 13は、予知を説明することに資する場合のdat.に関する特別な規則を与えている：vātāya kapilā vidhyudātapāyātilohinī / pītā varṣāya vijñeyā durbhikṣāya sitā bhavet

【補足2】
何事かが彼を善・悪など〔の結果〕に導くところのその人は、gen.に置かれる：tavaitad yaśase（これはあなたの栄えとなるであろう）。130をみよ。—実際ヴェーダ語では、ちょうどラテン語におけるもののように、関係を表すものと目標を表すものの2種のdat.がある。 A. V. 1, 29, 4 rāṣṭrāya mahyaṃ badhyatāṃ sapatnebhyaḥ parābhuve (let I put it on viz. the mani, for acquiring my kingdom for myself and defeat for my rivals) Rgv. 2, 1 Ait Br. 2, 3, 3 devebhyo vai paśavo ‘nnādhyāyālambhāya (the sacrificial victims did not stand still to the gods for the sake of being used as food and immolated)

【補足3】
manyateを伴う述語的dat.は、軽蔑が表現される場合、acc.の代わりに用いられる（32-c）；〔これは非生物（a-prāṇin）に限定される。すなわち、〕命あるものの名前は除外されるので、排他的にacc.に置かれねばならない（P. 2, 3, 17）。Kâç. na tvā 〈tṛṇaṃ / tṛṇāya〉 manye / 〈busam / busāya〉；けれども、śvanのdat.は許される；na tvā 〈śvānaṃ / śune manye〉。文学作品におけるこのdat.の例は、tṛṇāyaのみ見受けられる。Petr. Dict.、およびDaç. 88 kuberadattas tṛṇāya atvārthapatim »Kub. does not tare a straw for Arth."をみよ。