98. Ablative, the terminus a quo.

II. The point from whence a distance is counted (terminus a quo), is expressed by the ablative. Pat. I, p. 455 gavīdhūmataḥ sāṃkāśyaṃ catvāri yojanāni (from Gavîdhûma to Sânkâçya four yojanas). Hence the ablative joins a.) such prepp. as ā, prabhṛti, etc., b.) the names of the cardinal points and those in -añc, as prāñc, c.), all words meaning far, as dūre and the like.

Examples: — of a.) see in chapter IX.

b.) Daç. 156 tīrthasthānāt prācyāṃ diśi (east from the tîrth), Pat. I, p. 475 see Rem. 1. on this paragraph. {P. 2, 3, 29.}

c. ) Mṛcch. VII, p. 234 aho nagarāt sudūram apakrānto ‘smi, Mhbh. 1, 152, 1 avidūre vanāt tasmāt, ibid. 1, 151, 44 nātisudūreṇa… vanād asmāt, Âpast. 1, 31, 2 ārād avasathān mūtrapurīṣe kuryāt (he shall void excrements far from his house).

Rem. 1. With derived adverbs of the species dakṣiṇataḥ, uttarataḥ (*1) the genitive should be employed, not the ablative [P. 2, 3, 30], with those in -ena the accusative [ibid. 31]. Hence it is said for ex. R. 3, 4, 27 śvabhram akhanat pārśvatas tasya (he dug a hole by his side), Pat. I, p. 475 kaḥ punar āryavartaḥ / prāgādarśāt pratyak kālakavanād na dakṣiṇena himavantam uttareṇa pāriyātram (what is Âryavarta? The country east of Âdarça, west of Kâlakavana, south of the Himavat and north of Pâriyâtra), Çâk. I dakṣiṇena vṛkṣavāṭikam ālāpa iva śrūyate. — But the genitive with those in -ena is also allowed [see Kâç. on P. 2, 3, 31], as R. 3, 13, 21 uttareṇāsya (north of this place).

Rem. 2. Pāṇini [2, 3, 34] allows optional construing with abl. or gen. all words, meaning far and near, dūraṃ grāmāt or grāmasya / antikaṃ grāmāt or grāmasya. As far as I have observed, an ablative with those of nearness — except compounds of dūra — will be scarcely met with in literature.

(*1)
P. ṣaṣṭhyatas arthapratyayena. — Kâç. gives as instances also purastāt, upari, upariṣṭāt. That on the other hand the abl. is available, even if the adverb itself have the ending of that case, is exemplified by this çloka quoted by Pat. 1, 457.
dūrād āvasathān mūtraṃ dūrāt pādāvasecanam
dūrāc ca bhāvyaṃ dasyubhyo dūrāc ca kupitād guroḥ

98. 起点を表すabl.

II. 距離が計上される起点（terminus a quo）から離れた地点は、abl.で表される。
Pat. I, p. 455 gavīdhūmataḥ sāṃkāśyaṃ catvāri yojanāni (from Gavîdhûma to Sânkâçya four yojanas)

よってabl.は、a.) āやprabhṛti等の前置詞、b.) 起点の名称およびprāñcのような-añcで終わる〔方向・方角を表す〕語、c.) dūre等のような遠さを表すあらゆる語、に加えられる。

例：
a.)
第9章をみよ。
b.)
Daç. 156 tīrthasthānāt prācyāṃ diśi (east from the tîrth)
Pat. I, p. 475（本項の補足1をみよ）
c.)
Mṛcch. VII, p. 234 aho nagarāt sudūram apakrānto ‘smi
Mhbh. 1, 152, 1 avidūre vanāt tasmāt
ibid. 1, 151, 44 nātisudūreṇa… vanād asmāt
Âpast. 1, 31, 2 ārād avasathān mūtrapurīṣe kuryāt (he shall void excrements far from his house)

【補足1】
dakṣiṇataḥやuttarataḥ（*1）の類の〔-tasの〕派生副詞を伴う場合には、abl.ではなくgen.が（P. 2, 3, 30）、〔taddhita接尾辞の〕-ena（enaP, P = it）を伴うものにはacc.が用いられるべきである（P. 2, 3, 31）。
R. 3, 4, 27 śvabhram akhanat pārśvatas tasya (he dug a hole by his side)
Pat. I, p. 475 kaḥ punar āryavartaḥ / prāgādarśāt pratyak kālakavanād na dakṣiṇena himavantam uttareṇa pāriyātram (what is Âryavarta? The country east of Âdarça, west of Kâlakavana, south of the Himavat and north of Pâriyâtra)
Çâk. I dakṣiṇena vṛkṣavāṭikam ālāpa iva śrūyate

が、〔taddhita接尾辞の〕-enaを伴うgen.も許される（Kâç. on P. 2, 3, 31をみよ）。
R. 3, 13, 21 uttareṇāsya (north of this place)

【補足2】
P. 2, 3, 34は、任意に、遠さや近さを表すあらゆる語のabl.やgen.を許す：dūraṃ 〈grāmāt / grāmasya〉、antikaṃ 〈grāmāt / grāmasya〉。私の見てとる限りでは、近さを表す語（dūraの複合語を除く）を伴うabl.は、文学作品にはほとんど見られない。

（*1）
その一方で、副詞それ自体がabl.の格語尾を持つ場合にもabl.が使用可能である、ということがPat. 1, 457に引用される偈頌で例証される：
dūrād āvasathān mūtraṃ dūrāt pādāvasecanam
dūrāc ca bhāvyaṃ dasyubhyo dūrāc ca kupitād guroḥ