117.

Some turns, relating to the partitive construction, are to be noticed:

1. option between two things is variously expressed:

a.) both are put in the gen. M. 7, 53 vyasanasya ca mṛtyośca vyasanaṃ kaṣṭam ucyate (liter. »of both vice and death, vice is called the worse”).

b.) both are put in the abl. Mṛcch. I, p. 18 dāridyrān maraṇādvā maraṇaṃ mama rocate na dāidyram (v. a. I prefer death to poverty).

c.) both are nominatives. Mhbh. 1 , 161, 6 brahmavadhyātmavadhyā vā śreyān ātmavadho mama (v. a. I hold suicide to be preferable to the killing a brahman).

Note the standing prolixity of such phrases.

2. Of a partitive gen., depending on some word not expressed, there are some instances. Âçv. Grhy. 4, 4, 11 ādiyasya vā dṛśyamāne praviśeyuḥ (or they must enter [the village] while there is still visible ever so a little part of the sun), Kâç, on P. 2, 1, 8 yāvad amatraṃ brāhmaṇānām āmantrayasva (invite of the brahmans according to the number of vessels). The partitive gen., that attends verbs (119), may be explained in this way.

3. One, two, three times a day, a week, etc. is expressed by the partitive gen., as M. 3, 281 śrāddhaṃ trirabdasya nirvapet, Par. Grhy. 1, 3, 31 asakṛtsaṃvatsarasya. Likewise M. 5, 21 saṃvatsarasyaikam api caret kṛcchraṃ dvijottamaḥ (a pious twice-born man should perform at least one »strong penance” a year). {P. 2, 3, 64.}

4. A partitive gen., depending on the neuter of an adjective, is rare, even in the old language. Ait. Br. 2, 15, 8 mahati rātryāḥ. In the Rgvedasanhitâ there are even such gen. as idā ahnaḥ, prātarahnaḥ, which remind of Lat. id temporis and the like; cp. Siecke p. 65.

117. 部分を表すgen.のイディオム

分格構文に関するいくつかの言い回しに留意すべきである：

1. 2者間の選択は様々に表現される：
a.) 両方がgen.に置かれるもの
M. 7, 53 vyasanasya ca mṛtyośca vyasanaṃ kaṣṭam ucyate (liter. »of both vice and death, vice is called the worse”)
b.) 両方がabl.に置かれるもの
Mṛcch. I, p. 18 dāridyrān maraṇādvā maraṇaṃ mama rocate na dāidyram (v. a. I prefer death to poverty)
c.) 両方がnom.に置かれるもの
Mhbh. 1 , 161, 6 brahmavadhyātmavadhyā vā śreyān ātmavadho mama (v. a. I hold suicide to be preferable to the killing a brahman)

このようなフレーズはいつも冗長なことに注意せよ。

2. 表現されていない語に係る、部分を表すgen.
Âçv. Grhy. 4, 4, 11 ādiyasya vā dṛśyamāne praviśeyuḥ (or they must enter [the village] while there is still visible ever so a little part of the sun)
Kâç, on P. 2, 1, 8 yāvad amatraṃ brāhmaṇānām āmantrayasva (invite of the brahmans according to the number of vessels)

動詞を伴う部分を表すgen.（119）はこの仕方で説明されうる。

3. 「日 / 週 / 年…にn度」は部分を表すgen.で表現される。{P. 2, 3, 64.}
M. 3, 281 śrāddhaṃ trirabdasya nirvapet
Par. Grhy. 1, 3, 31 asakṛtsaṃvatsarasya
M. 5, 21 saṃvatsarasyaikam api caret kṛcchraṃ dvijottamaḥ (a pious twice-born man should perform at least one »strong penance” a year)

4. 形容詞のn.に係る部分を表すgen.は、ヴェーダ語においてさえも稀である。
Ait. Br. 2, 15, 8 mahati rātryāḥ

Rgveda-sanhitāには、ラテン語の”id temporis”（n.sg.nom. / n.sg.gen.）等を想起させる、idā ahnaḥやprātarahnaḥのようなgen.がある；Siecke [1869] p. 65をみよ。