166. antarā and antareṇa.

Kindred forms of antaḥ are the participles antarā and antareṇa, petrified instrumentals. Both agree with the accusative. They are 1st = „between,” 2ly = „without,” 3ly = „save, but for;” 4ly antareṇa may signify „with respect to, concerning.” — Like antaḥ, they are allowed to make up a compound with their noun, then the noun is the former member.

Examples: of 1. — Çâk. III yāvad viṭapāntareṇāvalokayāmi (meanwhile I will look between [= through] the foliage). When construed with two nouns, the prepos. precedes, and ca is put twice. Pat. I, 45 antarā tvāṃ ca māṃ ca kamaṇḍaluḥ (the pitcher is between you and me), Çat. Br. 1, 1 , 1, 1 antareṇāhavanīyaṃ ca gārhapatyaṃ ca (*1); — 2. Pat. I, 8 antareṇāpi mantram agniḥ kapālāni saṃtāpayati (even without the uttering of mantras fire heats the plates), R. 2, 11, 18 tatra tvāṃ cyāva yac chatrus tava jīvitam antarā (there the enemy threw thee down lifeless); — 3. Panc. 60 nūnaṃ sa lubdho nopāyam antareṇa vadhyaḥ syāt (I am sure that voracious beast cannot be killed but by a stratagem), R. 3, 19, 7 nahi paśyāmy ahaṃ loke yaḥ kuryān mama vipriyam / antareṇa… mahendram (none but Mahendra); — 4. Çâk. V. tadasyā devīṃ vasumatīm antareṇa mahad upālambhanaṃ gato ’smi (therefore I have incurred a heavy reproof from her with respect to queen Vasumatî) (*2).

Rem. 1. Occasionally a genitive is found instead of the acc. with antareṇa, as Mhbh. 5, 16, 29. — Cp. Pat. I, 59 vṛṣalakulamanayor antarā (between these two [families of brahmans] there dwells a family of çûdras), here antarā complies also with the gen., it seems.

Rem. 2. Difference between is expressed not by a preposition, but by means of two genitives. R. 3, 47, 45 yad antaraṃ siṃhaśṛgālayor vane yad antaraṃ syandanikāsamudrayoḥ / surāgryasovīrakayor yad antaraṃ tad antaraṃ dāśarathes tavaiva ca (what differente there is between lion and chacal in the forest, between a rivulet and the ocean, between ambrosia and the beverage of the Sauvîras, that is the difference between the son of Daçaratha and you), Mhbh. 12, 8, 15 viśeṣaṃ nādhigacchāmi patitasyādhanasya ca. As to the dvandva-compounds in the first example see 207.

(*1)
Comp. a somewhat similar idiom in Latin, f. i. Horat. Epist. I, 2, 11 Nestor componere lites / inter Pelideo festioat et inter Atriden.

(*2)
So in this prâkṛt passage of the Mâlavikâgnimitra IV, p. 89 tado tāe… bhavado aviṇaaṃ aṃtareṇa parigadatyā kidā.

166. antarā・antareṇa

antaḥの親族的形態は、inst.の固定化したantarāとantareṇaである。どちらもacc.と一致する。両者は、第1に「…の間に」（between）、第2に「…なしに」（without）、第3に「…を除けば、…がなければ」（save, but for）を表す。antareṇaに限っては、第4に「…に関して」（with respect to, concerning）をも表す。—antaḥと同様に、これらは名詞と複合語を形成することができ、その場合には名詞が前に来る。

例：

1.
Çâk. III yāvad viṭapāntareṇāvalokayāmi (meanwhile I will look between [= through] the foliage)

2つの名詞に係る場合には前置詞が先行し、〔それらを繋いで〕caが2度置かれる。
Pat. I, 45 antarā tvāṃ va māṃ ca kamaṇḍaluḥ (the pitcher is between you and me)
Çat. Br. 1, 1 , 1, 1 antareṇāhavanīyaṃ ca gārhapatyaṃ ca （*1）

2.
Pat. I, 8 antareṇāpi mantram agniḥ kapālāni saṃtāpayati (even without the uttering of mantras fire heats the plates)
R. 2, 11, 18 tatra tvāṃ cyāva yac chatrus tava jīvitam antarā (there the enemy threw thee down lifeless)

3.
Panc. 60 nūnaṃ sa lubdho nopāyam antareṇa vadhyaḥ syāt (I am sure that voracious beast cannot be killed but by a stratagem)
R. 3, 19, 7 nahi paśyāmy ahaṃ loke yaḥ kuryān mama vipriyam / antareṇa… mahendram (none but Mahendra)

4.
Çâk. V. tadasyā devīṃ vasumatīm antareṇa mahad upālambhanaṃ gato ’smi (therefore I have incurred a heavy reproof from her with respect to queen Vasumatî) （*2）

【補足1】
Mhbh. 5, 16, 29のように、antareṇaの取るacc.の代わりにgen.が見られることがある。また以下の例では、antarāがgen.に係っているようである。
Pat. I, 59 vṛṣalakulamanayor antarā (between these two [families of brahmans] there dwells a family of çûdras)

【補足2】
二者間の違いは、前置詞ではなく2つのgen.で表現される。
R. 3, 47, 45 yad antaraṃ siṃhaśṛgālayor vane yad antaraṃ syandanikāsamudrayoḥ / surāgryasovīrakayor yad antaraṃ tad antaraṃ dāśarathes tavaiva ca (what differente there is between lion and chacal in the forest, between a rivulet and the ocean, between ambrosia and the beverage of the Sauvîras, that is the difference between the son of Daçaratha and you)
Mhbh. 12, 8, 15 viśeṣaṃ nādhigacchāmi patitasyādhanasya ca

最初の例のdvandva複合語については207をみよ。

（*1）
ラテン語における、やや似ているイディオムと比較せよ。
Horat. Epist. I, 2, 11 Nestor componere lites / inter Pelideo festioat et inter Atriden.

（*2）
よって、このプラークリット文ではこのようになっている：
Mâlav. IV, p. 89 tado tāe… bhavado aviṇaaṃ aṃtareṇa parigadatyā kidā