185. saha- and sa- in compounds.

Compounding saha with its noun is allowed. {P. 6, 3, 82.} Yet in most cases to saha- one substitutes sa-, either of them being the former member of the compound. It is exactly the same to say rāmaḥ sasītaḥ or rāmaḥ saha sītāya. An instance of interchanging saha- and sa- may be Veṇ. II, p. 48 sahabhṛtyagaṇaṃ sabāndhavaṃ sasutaṃ sahānujaṃ / svabalena nihanti… pāṇḍusutaḥ suyodhanam.

Rem. 1. Some cases are taught by Pâṇini, where saha is required to be the compound’s former member, not sa, some others in which on the contrary sa must be used. Thus saha- is wanted a) in time-denoting adverbs as sahapūrvāhṇam (the forenoon included), b) in blessings as asmai sahaputrāya svasti bhūyāt (hail to him with his son). {P. 6, 3, 81.} Yet the phrases savatsāya -, sagave -, sahalāya svasti bhūyat are admitted as equally good as sahavatsāya and the rest. {P. 6, 3, 83.}

But sa- — not saha- — is required a) in all compound adverbs, not expressive of time, therefore exclusively in such terms as saroṣam (with anger), sabahumānam (respectfully), Daç, 84 salajjañca saharṣañca sasaṃbhramañca māmabhāṣata (he addressed me in a manner adapted to his shame, to his joy and to his excitement) and so often {P. 6, 3, 78-81.}; — b) in some special phrases, as sakalaṃ jyotiṣamadhīte — not sahakalaṃ —, vedaḥ savedāṅgaḥ, and the like.

Rem. 2. sārdham and samam are seldom compounded with their noun. If this be the case, they make up the latter member. Panc. 276 vākasamam eva ca brāhmaṇī jīvitā sā (with these very words the wife of the brahman was restored to life).

185. 複合語におけるsaha-およびsa-

sahaと名詞を複合することが許されている。{P. 6, 3, 82.} けれども、ほとんどの場合saha-の代わりにsa-を用い、それらのどちらかが複合語の前分となる。rāmaḥ sasītaḥとrāmaḥ saha sītāyaは全く同じ言である。saha-とsa-の交代する用例は以下の通り：
Veṇ. II, p. 48 sahabhṛtyagaṇaṃ sabāndhavaṃ sasutaṃ sahānujaṃ / svabalena nihanti… pāṇḍusutaḥ suyodhanam

【補足1】
Pāṇiniの説くところでは、いくつかの場合にはsaでなくsahaが複合語の前分となる必要があり、その他では、対照的に、saが用いられねばならない。したがって、a.) sahapūrvāhṇam (the forenoon included)のような時間を表す副詞、b.) asmai sahaputrāya svasti bhūyāt (hail to him with his son)のような祝福、においてsaha-は必要とされる。{P. 6, 3, 83.} しかしながら、savatsāya -、sagave -、sahalāya svasti bhūyatはsahavatsāyaと等しく認められる。
しかしながら、sa-—sahaでなく—は以下の場合に必要とされる：a.) 時間を表すもの以外のすべての複合副詞、すなわちsaroṣam (with anger)、sabahumānam (respectfully)、Daç, 84 salajjañca saharṣañca sasaṃbhramañca māmabhāṣata (he addressed me in a manner adapted to his shame, to his joy and to his excitement)など{P. 6, 3, 78-81.}；b.) sakalaṃ jyotiṣamadhīte（sahakalaṃでない）、vedaḥ savedāṅgaḥなどのような一部の特殊なフレーズ。

【補足2】
sārdhamとsamamはめったに名詞と複合しない。複合する場合には後分になる。
Panc. 276 vākasamam eva ca brāhmaṇī jīvitā sā (with these very words the wife of the brahman was restored to life)