218. The former member is an adverb or a particle.

The former part of a tatpurusha may also be an ad­verb or a particle. Panc. 59 prāgvṛttāntaḥ (the matter of late), Kathâs. 6, 165 prativasatipatākāḥ (flags, waving from every house), ibid. 25, 29 sā [viz. purī] ca me ‘vaśyagantavyā (and I have to go from necessity to that town), Kumâras, 3, 4 nitāntadīrghais tapobhiḥ (by very long penance).

Among the particles several are noticed by Pâṇini, viz. svayam [2, 1, 25], sāmi [ibid. 27], the negation a- [2, 2, 6], īṣat [2, 2, 7], kim [2, 1, 64], ka, the particles styled »gati” and such particles as pra, ava, ā when meaning »a little,” su, duḥ, ati [2, 2, 18](*1) cp. 210 at the end. — So svayaṃmṛtaḥ (died of himself), sāmikṛta (half done), abrāhmaṇaḥ »no brahman” or »none but a brahman,” īṣadunnata (a little elevated), prapitāmahaḥ (a great-grandfather), sujanaḥ (a good man), durjanaḥ (a wicked man), etc.

(*1)
As to su, duḥ, īṣat, in sukara (easy to be done), duṣkara (hard to be done) and the like, see P. 3, 3, 126-130.

218. 前分が副詞・不変化辞のもの

tatpuruṣaの前分は副詞や不変化辞でもよい。
Panc. 59 prāgvṛttāntaḥ (the matter of late)
Kathâs. 6, 165 prativasatipatākāḥ (flags, waving from every house)
ibid. 25, 29 sā [viz. purī] ca me ‘vaśyagantavyā (and I have to go from necessity to that town)
Kumâras, 3, 4 nitāntadīrghais tapobhiḥ (by very long penance)

不変化辞のうちいくつかはPāṇiniにより言及されている。すなわち、svayam（2, 1, 25）、sāmi（ibid. 27）、否定辞a-（2, 2, 6）、īṣat（2, 2, 7）、kim（2, 1, 64）、ka、”gati”と呼ばれる不変化辞とpra、ava、「少し」を意味する場合のā、su、duḥ、ati（2, 2, 18）（*1）である。210末尾と比較せよ。—よって、svayaṃmṛtaḥ（自殺した）、sāmikṛta（半分終わった）、abrāhmaṇaḥ（バラモンでない / バラモン以外の何者でもない）、īṣadunnata（少し高い）、prapitāmahaḥ（曽祖父）、sujanaḥ（善人）、durjanaḥ（悪人）などとなる。

（*1）
sukara（行い易い）、duṣkara（行い難い）などにおけるsu、duḥ、īṣatについてはP. 3, 3, 126-130をみよ。