226. Large bahuvrîhis.

As bahuvrîhis of three and more members are excessively frequent, we will adduce some instances of them.

1. the subject is a compound. Panc. 322 tyaktāhārakriyaḥ (abstaining from taking food) here the subject of the bahuvr. is āhārakriyā, a tatpurusha; Vâr. Yog. 1, 8 kṣapitadhanarāṣṭro bhavati (he loses his wealth and his kingdom) here the subj. is a dvandva dhanarāṣṭre »wealth and kingdom;” Daç. 78 a Jaina monk is thus qualified prakīrṇamalapaṅkaḥ prabalakeśaluñcanavyathaḥ prakṛṣṭatamakṣutpipāsādiduḥkhaḥ (v. a. covered with dust and mud, enduring a heavy pain by pulling out his hair, suffering very much from hunger, thirst and the like) here the subjects of the three bahuvr. are respectively the dvandva malapaṅkau, the tatp. keśaluñcanavyathā and the tatp. kṣutpipāsādiduḥkham and of them the two tatpurushas are themselves made up of more than two themes, as it is the compound keśaluñcana which qualifies vyathā, and similarly the compound kṣutpipāsādi, which is the cause of duḥkham.

2. the predicate is a compound. — Instances of this category are very often met with, especially such bahuvrîhis as exhibit this type: qualifying noun-case + adjective or participle + substantive. Panc. 42 taddhartā madavihvalāṅgaḥ = madena vihvalānyaṅgāni yasya sa; Kathâs. 72, 180 prāpārkasaṃtaptasikatāṃ marubhūmim, here the bahuvr. is to be analyzed arkeṇa saṃtaptāḥ sikatā yasyāṃ sā [marubhūmiḥ]. But also other types, as: Mudr. III, p. 124 vultures (mṛdhrāḥ) have the epithet dīrghaniṣkampapakṣāḥ, here the analysis is yeṣāṃ dīrghā niṣkampāśca pakṣāḥ, the predicate, therefore, is an adjective-dvandva (208). Çâk. VII a curse is said to be aṅgulīyakadaeśanāvasānaḥ = yasyāṅgulīyakasya darśanamavasānaṃ sa śāpaḥ.

3. both subject and predicate are compounds, Kâd. I, p. 46 tatra vasrabdhaviracitakulāyasahasrāṇi… śukaśakunikulāni prativasanti sma (crowds of parrots and other birds were dwelling there, building confidently thousand(s) of nests), here visrabdhaviracita is the predicate and kulāyasahasra the subject of the bahuvrlhi, the analysis of which is of course yeṣāṃ visrabdhaṃ viracitāni [-taṃ] kulāyānāṃ sahasrāṇi [-srama].

226. 長大なbahuvrīhi

3つ以上の要素から成るbahuvrīhiは非常に頻繁である。これにはいくつかの用例を加えられよう。

1. 主語が複合語であるもの
Panc. 322 tyaktāhārakriyaḥ (abstaining from taking food)：Bv.の主語がTp.のāhārakriyā
Vâr. Yog. 1, 8 kṣapitadhanarāṣṭro bhavati (he loses his wealth and his kingdom)：主語がdvandvaのdhanarāṣṭre »wealth and kingdom”
Daç. 78 a Jaina monk is thus qualified prakīrṇamalapaṅkaḥ prabalakeśaluñcanavyathaḥ prakṛṣṭatamakṣutpipāsādiduḥkhaḥ (v. a. covered with dust and mud, enduring a heavy pain by pulling out his hair, suffering very much from hunger, thirst and the like)

最後のものには3つのBv.があり、主語はそれぞれdvandvaのmalapaṅkau、Tp.のkeśaluñcanavyathā、Tp.の kṣutpipāsādiduḥkham。Tp.の2つはそれ自体が2つ以上の主題から成るものである；keśa-luñcanaはvyathāを修飾し、同様にkṣut-pipāsa-ādiはduḥkhamの原因である。

2. 述語が複合語のもの
このカテゴリの例はよく見られる。とりわけ、修飾詞の名詞-格＋形容詞・分詞＋実名詞のタイプのBv.。
Panc. 42 taddhartā madavihvalāṅgaḥ = madena vihvalānyaṅgāni yasya sa
Kathâs. 72, 180 prāpārkasaṃtaptasikatāṃ marubhūmim = arkeṇa saṃtaptāḥ sikatā yasyāṃ sā [marubhūmiḥ]

他の形式もある：
Mudr. III, p. 124 vultures (mṛdhrāḥ) have the epithet dīrghaniṣkampapakṣāḥ = yeṣāṃ dīrghā niṣkampāśca pakṣāḥ （述語は形容詞のdvandva。208をみよ）
Çâk. VII a curse is said to be aṅgulīyakadaeśanāvasānaḥ = yasyāṅgulīyakasya darśanamavasānaṃ sa śāpaḥ

3. 主語・述語がともに複合語のもの
Kâd. I, p. 46 tatra vasrabdhaviracitakulāyasahasrāṇi… śukaśakunikulāni prativasanti sma (crowds of parrots and other birds were dwelling there, building confidently thousand(s) of nests)

visrabdhaviracitaが述語でkulāyasahasraが主語。分析は以下の通り：yeṣāṃ visrabdhaṃ viracitāni [-taṃ] kulāyānāṃ sahasrāṇi [-srama]