228. Typical compounds.

So I call such compounds whose latter element is almost used in a typical sense, which is more or less remote from their primitive meaning. By them the great importance of compounding for Sanskrit composition appears best. Such among them, as are fit for periphrasing case-relations, have already been dealt with in Chapter IX, especially 188-196. Of the others the most remarkable are: 1. those in ādi, -ādya, -ādika, -prabhṛti which are expressive of „and so on,” 2. those in -pūrvam and -puraḥsaram which may serve to make adverbs of manner, 3. those in -pūrva =„formerly —,” 4. those in -mātram, which does duty of a limitative particle, vāṅmātram being nearly the same as vāgeva, 5. those in -kalpa, -deśya, -deśīya, -prāya to express „nearly, almost,” 6. those in -rūpa, if rūpa may be rendered by „namely,” 7. those in -antaram when having the worth of „some” or „other.” And so on.

228. 典型的複合語

後ろの要素が、原義から多少離れた典型的な意味で用いられている複合語を、私は典型的複合語と呼ぶ。これらにより、サンスクリットの作文法にとっての複合語の重要性が最もよく見て取られるのである。これらのうち、格関係を迂言するのに適したものは第9章、とりわけ188-196で既に扱った。その他のもので注目すべきなのは以下である：
1. 「…など」を表すādi、-ādya、-ādika、-prabhṛti
2. 方法を表す副詞を作る-pūrvam・-puraḥsaram
3. 「以前…」を表す-pūrva
4. 限定の不変化辞のはたらきをする-mātram（vāṅmātram＝vāg eva）
5. 「大体、ほとんど」を表す-kalpa、-deśya、-deśīya、-prāya
6. rūpaが「すなわち」を表す場合の-rūpa
7. 「或る」「他の」の価値を持つ-antaram
等々。