241. Adverbs. in -vat.

For the sake of comparison one uses adverbs in -vat. They may be made of any noun, and are to be rendered by „as” or „like.” When paraphrased, they are = yathā or iva with any noun-case wanted by the context, therefore siṃhavat may be = siṃha iva or siṃham iva or siṃhāyeva and so on. — R. 3, 45, 5 saumitre mitrarūpeṇa bhrātus tvam asi śatruvat (in the shape of a friend, Laxmaṇa, you are like a foe to your brother); Mhbh. 1, 148, 15 śuconpāṇḍudāyādāndāhayām āsa śatruvat [= yathā śatrūn] (the innocent Pāṇḍavas he did burn as if they were his enemies); Kâm. 3, 31 pūjayed devatāḥ sadā / devatāvadgurujanam ātmavac ca suhṛjjanam [= devatā iva and ātmānam iva]; Mhbh. 1, 159, 4 taradhvaṃ plavavan mayā [= plaveneva] (pass over by me as if by a vessel); Hit. 10 mātṛvat paradāreṣu paradravyeṣu loṣṭavat ātmavat sarvabhūteṣu yaḥ paśyati sa paṇḍitaḥ (he who looks on the wife of another as on his mother, on the goods of another as on clay, on all creatures as on himself, such one is a wise man).

Rem. 1. Compare with them Latin adverbs as regaliter, when meaning »kingly, like a king.” Mhbh. 1, 145, 1 pāṇḍavāḥ…bhīṣmasya pādau jagṛhurār tavat (suppliciter).

Rem. 2. Like other compounds, the adverbs in -vat may have their former member standing in construction with some other word outside the compound. Panc. I, 260 abhimukho nāśaṃ yāti vahnau pataṅgavat = yathā vahnau pataṅgo yāti.

241. -vatの副詞

比較のために-vatの副詞が用いられる。任意の名詞から作られ、「…と同じくらい」や「…と同様」の語で翻訳される。言い換える場合であれば、任意の名詞を伴うyathāやivaが文脈によって要請される。よってsiṃhavatであればsiṃha iva、siṃham iva、siṃhāyevaなどともできる。
R. 3, 45, 5 saumitre mitrarūpeṇa bhrātus tvam asi śatruvat (in the shape of a friend, Laxmaṇa, you are like a foe to your brother)
Mhbh. 1, 148, 15 śuconpāṇḍudāyādāndāhayām āsa śatruvat [= yathā śatrūn] (the innocent Pāṇḍavas he did burn as if they were his enemies)
Kâm. 3, 31 pūjayed devatāḥ sadā / devatāvadgurujanam ātmavac ca suhṛjjanam [= devatā iva and ātmānam iva]
Mhbh. 1, 159, 4 taradhvaṃ plavavan mayā [= plaveneva] (pass over by me as if by a vessel)
Hit. 10 mātṛvat paradāreṣu paradravyeṣu loṣṭavat ātmavat sarvabhūteṣu yaḥ paśyati sa paṇḍitaḥ (he who looks on the wife of another as on his mother, on the goods of another as on clay, on all creatures as on himself, such one is a wise man)

【補足1】
ラテン語の副詞regaliter（王の、王のような）と比較せよ。
Mhbh. 1, 145, 1 pāṇḍavāḥ… bhīṣmasya pādau jagṛhurār tavat (suppliciter)

【補足2】
他の複合語と同様に、-vatの副詞は、複合語の外の他の単語を伴って、構文における前分をもちうる。
Panc. I, 260 abhimukho nāśaṃ yāti vahnau pataṅgavat = yathā vahnau pataṅgo yāti