262. Possessive pronouns.

The possessive pronouns are relatively less used than the genitives of the personal ones. One will oftener meet with mama sūnuḥ, sūnur me or matsūnuḥ (a shasthîsamâsa 216, 1°) than sūnur madīyaḥ.

The difference, which exists in English between my and mine, your and yours etc., is not known in Sanskrit; madīyaṃ or mama pustakam may be as well „my book” as „a book of mine;” also „the book is mine;” matpustakam of course cannot have the last meaning, for subject and predicate are by necessity unfit for being compounded.

Rem. 1. Apart from the regular possessives of the 2nd person tvadīya and yuṣmadīya, there exists also bhavadīya derived from the polite bhavān. Panc. 168 bhavadīya sāhasenāhaṃ tuṣṭaḥ [ = bhavataḥ sāha- or bhavatsāha-].

Rem. 2. The possessive of the 3rd person is tadīya (if wanted etadīya), but here too the genitive of the demonstrative or a shashthîsamâsa are generally preferred.

262. 所有代名詞

所有代名詞（possessive pronoun）は、人称代名詞のgen.よりも比較的に使用頻度が少ない。sūnur madīyaḥよりもmama sūnuḥ、sūnur me、matsūnuḥ（ṣaṣṭhīsamāsa, 216, I）のほうがしばしば見られる。

英語のmyとmine、yourとyoursなどの間にある差異は、サンスクリットでは知られない；madīyaṃ / mama pustakamが“my book”、“a book of mine”、“the book is mine”でもありうる。主語と述語は複合語とするに適さないので、matpustakamは当然“the book is mine”を意味することがない。

【補足1】 通常の2人称の所有代名詞tvadīyaとyuṣmadīya以外に、敬称bhavānから派生するbhavadīyaがある。
Panc. 168 bhavadīya sāhasenāhaṃ tuṣṭaḥ [ = bhavataḥ sāha- or bhavatsāha-]

【補足2】
三人称の所有代名詞はtadīya（必要であればetadīya）であるが、ここでも、ふつう指示代名詞のgen.やṣaṣṭhīsamāsaが好まれる。