274.

Pâṇini teaches, there is some difference in the flexion of ayam according to its being used either when referring to somebody or something already spoken of before, or when pointing at or showing. In the former case 1. the cases, derived from the root sa are treated as enclitics, 2. the accus. is enam, enām, enatin the singular, enān, enāḥ, enāni in the plural, enau, ene in the dual, 3. the instr. of the sing. enena, enayā, 4. the loc. of the dual is enayoḥ.{P. 2, 4, 32-34}

anvâdeça

It is in such instances of anvâdeça (reference to something already named before), that the pronoun bears almost the character of our he, she, it. — 1. asya etc. enclitic: Mṛcch. I, p. 55 yadā tu bhāgyakṣayapīḍitāṃ daśāṃ naraḥ kṛtān topahitāṃ prapadyate / tadāsya mittrāṇy api yāntya mitratām (if a man has by Destiny been reduced to poverty, then even his friends become enemies to him), Çâk. I etās tapasvikanyakāḥ… ita evābhivartante / aho madhuramāsāṃ darśanam (these girls of the hermitage approach hither, it is pleasant. to look on them), Vikram. I, p. 2 pariṣadeṣā pūrveṣāṃ kavīnāṃ dṛṣṭarasaprabandhā / aham asyāṃ kālidāsagrathitavastunā navena troṭakenopasthāsye — 2. instances of enam etc. Mhbh. I, Paushyap. tam upādhyāyam upatasthe provāca cainam (he made his compliment to his teacher and spoke to him), Vikram. III, p. 72 aye / ita eva prasyito devaḥ… yāvad enam avalokanamārge pratipālayāmi, Nala. 13, 24 tāṃ prāsādagatāpaśyadrājamātā janair vṛtām / dhātrīm uvāca gacchaināmānayeha mamāntikam (her the king’s mother saw from the balcony, as she was followed by the crowd, and said to the nurse: »go and bring her to me”), Mhbh, 5, 16, 29 Indra receives a deputation of devas, rshis etc., and after being addressed by them uvāca cainān pratibhāṣya, Ait. Br. 1, 29 treats of the two havir dhāne (carts in which the soma-herb is carried) in § 6 devayanto hy ene mānuṣāḥ prabharanti, ibid. 1, 30, 3 enau refers to agnīṣomau, mentioned before.

NB. The instr. enena and enayā seem to be extremely rare; anena at least and anayā are regularly used,when anvâdeça is required. Mâlav. I, p. 14 the minister of king Agnimitra reads a letter from the king of Vidarbha; when asked about its contents, he answers to Agn. idam idānīm anena [not: enena] pratilikhitam. And so often.

274. 状況に依るayamの屈折

Pāṇiniは説いている：既に話されたところの誰かや何かに言及する場合か、〔新たな話題として〕指し示したり説明したりする場合か、のどちらに用いるかによって、ayamの屈折にはいくらかの違いがある、と。{P. 2, 4, 32-34} 前者は：
1. 語根saから派生した場合は前接語として扱われる
2. sg.acc.はenam、enām、enat；pl.はenān、enāḥ、enāni；du.はenau、ene
3. sg.inst.はenena、enayā
4. du.loc.はenayoḥ

○anvādeśa

英語で言うhe、she、itの性格をほとんど持ちあわせるanvādeśa（以前既に呼ばれたものへの言及）の例：

1. asya etc. enclitic:
Mṛcch. I, p. 55 yadā tu bhāgyakṣayapīḍitāṃ daśāṃ naraḥ kṛtān topahitāṃ prapadyate / tadāsya mittrāṇy api yāntya mitratām (if a man has by Destiny been reduced to poverty, then even his friends become enemies to him)
Çâk. I etās tapasvikanyakāḥ… ita evābhivartante / aho madhuramāsāṃ darśanam (these girls of the hermitage approach hither, it is pleasant. to look on them)
Vikram. I, p. 2 pariṣadeṣā pūrveṣāṃ kavīnāṃ dṛṣṭarasaprabandhā / aham asyāṃ kālidāsagrathitavastunā navena troṭakenopasthāsye

2. instances of enam etc.
Mhbh. I, Paushyap. tam upādhyāyam upatasthe provāca cainam (he made his compliment to his teacher and spoke to him)
Vikram. III, p. 72 aye / ita eva prasyito devaḥ… yāvad enam avalokanamārge pratipālayāmi
Nala. 13, 24 tāṃ prāsādagatāpaśyadrājamātā janair vṛtām / dhātrīm uvāca gacchaināmānayeha mamāntikam (her the king’s mother saw from the balcony, as she was followed by the crowd, and said to the nurse: »go and bring her to me”)
Mhbh, 5, 16, 29 Indra receives a deputation of devas, rshis etc., and after being addressed by them uvāca cainān pratibhāṣya
Ait. Br. 1, 29 treats of the two havir dhāne (carts in which the soma-herb is carried) in § 6 devayanto hy ene mānuṣāḥ prabharanti
ibid. 1, 30, 3 enau refers to agnīṣomau, mentioned before.

注記：inst.のenenaとenayāは極めて稀のようである；anvādeśaが要請される場合、anenaとanayāが通常用いられる。
Mâlav. I, p. 14 the minister of king Agnimitra reads a letter from the king of Vidarbha; when asked about its contents, he answers to Agn. idam idānīm anena [not: enena] pratilikhitam