409.

Other remarks on the interrogative pronoun and its derivatives. — 1. They may depend on participles, gerunds and the like, also subordinate sentences. Mhbh. 1, 162, 11 tasya vyavasitas tyāgo buddhim āsthāya kāṃ tvayā (v. a, what motive has made you decide to abandon this [man]?), Mudr. I, p. 28 yadi kiṃ syāt (if what would be?).

2. Nothing precludes the presence of more interrogatives, referring to different things, in the same sentence. Pat. I, p. 241 keṣv artheṣu kāñ śabdān prayuñjate (what sounds do they employ [and] in what meanings?), Kathâs. 41, 37 ko ‘rhī prārthayate kaḥ kiṃ kasmai kiṃ dīyatām iti (who is indigent? who begs [and] for what? to whom should be given [and] what?).

3. Some particles, viz. vā, svit, iva, nu, u, nāma, are subjoined to them, in order to express some interest taken in the question by the speaker. Cp. the like duty of Lat. - nam and tandem, Greek ποτέ, French donc. Çâk. I mānuṣīṣu kathaṃ vā syād asya rūpasya saṃbhavaḥ (is it then possible, that such a beauty should be of human origin?); Mhbh. 1, 91, 8 kati svid eva mṛnayaḥ kati maunāni cāpy uta / bhavantīti tadācakṣva śrotum icchāmahe vayam; R. 2, 38, 8 apakāraṃ kamiva te karoti janakātmajā (what possible injury can Janaka’s daughter do you then?); Ch. Up. 4, 14, 2 brahmavida iva saumya te mukhaṃ bhāti / ki nu tvānuśaśāsa (friend, your face shines like that of one who knows Brahman; who has taught you?); Kathâs. 16, 9 kiṃ nāma na sahante hi bhatṛbhaktāḥ kulāṅganāḥ.

4. Note the phrase ko ‘yam (who is it, that — here?), f. i. Hit. 21 tatastamāyāntaṃ dṛṣṭvā pakṣiśāvakair bhayārtaiḥ kolāhalaḥ kṛtaḥ / tac chrutvā jaradgavenoktaṃ / ko ‘yam āyāti.

5. kim may do duty as a particle, see 412, 3°.

409. 承前

疑問代名詞とその派生語に関するその他の注意点：

1. これらは分詞・絶対分詞等や従属文にも係る。
Mhbh. 1, 162, 11 tasya vyavasitas tyāgo buddhim āsthāya kāṃ tvayā (v. a, what motive has made you decide to abandon this [man]?)
Mudr. I, p. 28 yadi kiṃ syāt (if what would be?)

2. 同じ文の中に、別のものを指示する複数の疑問詞があってもよい。
Pat. I, p. 241 keṣv artheṣu kāñ śabdān prayuñjate (what sounds do they employ [and] in what meanings?)
Kathâs. 41, 37 ko ‘rhī prārthayate kaḥ kiṃ kasmai kiṃ dīyatām iti (who is indigent? who begs [and] for what? to whom should be given [and] what?)

3. vā、svit、iva、nu、u、nāmaのような不変化辞が付加されると、話者による質問への何らかの関心を表す。ラテン語の- namとtandem、古代ギリシャ語のποτέ、フランス語のdoncの役割と比較せよ。
Çâk. I mānuṣīṣu kathaṃ vā syād asya rūpasya saṃbhavaḥ (is it then possible, that such a beauty should be of human origin?)
Mhbh. 1, 91, 8 kati svid eva mṛnayaḥ kati maunāni cāpy uta / bhavantīti tadācakṣva śrotum icchāmahe vayam
R. 2, 38, 8 apakāraṃ kamiva te karoti janakātmajā (what possible injury can Janaka’s daughter do you then?)
Ch. Up. 4, 14, 2 brahmavida iva saumya te mukhaṃ bhāti / ki nu tvānuśaśāsa (friend, your face shines like that of one who knows Brahman; who has taught you?)
Kathâs. 16, 9 kiṃ nāma na sahante hi bhatṛbhaktāḥ kulāṅganāḥ

4. ko ‘yamというフレーズに注意せよ。
Hit. 21 tatastamāyāntaṃ dṛṣṭvā pakṣiśāvakair bhayārtaiḥ kolāhalaḥ kṛtaḥ / tac chrutvā jaradgavenoktaṃ / ko ‘yam āyāti

5. kimは不変化辞としてもはたらきうる。412-3をみよ。