417. aho with nomin. / dhik with accus.

aho and dhik are often construed in a particular manner. aho is apt to be used with the nominative of an abstract noun, expressive of the fact which causes the astonishment. But dhik — or, in full, dhigastu — is attended by the accus. (sometimes also, but not so often, the nomin.) of the person or thing, which causes the indignation or anger.

Examples: 1. of aho with nomin. — Nala. 3, 17 Damayantî, when seeing on a sudden the beautiful appearance of Nala, exclaims aho rūpam aho kāntir aho dhairyaṃ mahātmanaḥ, Mudr. I, p. 38 Cânakya takes the letter, glances over it and says praisingly aho darśanīyatākṣarāṇām (an excellent hand indeed), Panc. 92 the Ocean disapproving the words of the bird, which he has overheard, exclaims aho garvaḥ pakṣikīṭasyāsya, Mudr. VI, p.197 Râxasa, when entering the old garden, being sad with grief, laments aho jīrṇodyānasya nābhiramaṇīyatā (how little charm this old garden has!).

2. of dhik with acc. Mhbh. 1, 131, 23 dhig etāṃ vaḥ kṛtāstratām (shame over your skill at arms!), R. 2, 49, 4 rājānaṃ dhig daśarathaṃ kāmasya vaśam āsthitam, ibid. 2, 47, 4 dhig astu khalu nidrāṃ tām (v. a. cursed sleep!), Kâd. I, p. 18 dhig vidhātāramasadṛśasaṃyogakāriṇam; — of dhik with nom. Panc. 156 dhig iyaṃ daridratā, ibid. I, 174 dhig arthāḥ kaṣṭasaṃśrayāḥ.

Rem. 1. Occasionally dhik occurs with a gen. Hariv. 8722 strīsvabhāvasya dhik khalu.

Rem. 2 . Pat. I, p. 443 hā devadattam affords also an instance of hā, construed with the accus.

417. nom.を伴うaho / acc.を伴うdhik

ahoとdhikはしばしば特有の仕方で解釈される。ahoは、感嘆を引き起こす事実を表す、抽象名詞のnom.を伴って用いられる傾向がある。対してdhik（dhigastu）は、憤りや怒りを引き起こす人や物のacc.（稀にnom.のこともある）を伴う。

1. nom.を伴うahoの例
Nala. 3, 17 Damayantî, when seeing on a sudden the beautiful appearance of Nala, exclaims aho rūpam aho kāntir aho dhairyaṃ mahātmanaḥ
Mudr. I, p. 38 Cânakya takes the letter, glances over it and says praisingly aho darśanīyatākṣarāṇām (an excellent hand indeed)
Panc. 92 the Ocean disapproving the words of the bird, which he has overheard, exclaims aho garvaḥ pakṣikīṭasyāsya
Mudr. VI, p.197 Râxasa, when entering the old garden, being sad with grief, laments aho jīrṇodyānasya nābhiramaṇīyatā (how little charm this old garden has!)

2. acc.を伴うdhikの例
Mhbh. 1, 131, 23 dhig etāṃ vaḥ kṛtāstratām (shame over your skill at arms!)
R. 2, 49, 4 rājānaṃ dhig daśarathaṃ kāmasya vaśam āsthitam
ibid. 2, 47, 4 dhig astu khalu nidrāṃ tām (v. a. cursed sleep!)
Kâd. I, p. 18 dhig vidhātāramasadṛśasaṃyogakāriṇam

・nom.を伴うdhik
Panc. 156 dhig iyaṃ daridratā
ibid. I, 174 dhig arthāḥ kaṣṭasaṃśrayāḥ

【補足1】
dhikは時にgen.を伴うことがある。
Hariv. 8722 strīsvabhāvasya dhik khalu

【補足2】
以下はacc.と文法的に結びつくhāの例も与えている。
Pat. I, p. 443 hā devadattam