463. Its employment.

The conjunction yat is chiefly employed to paraphrase a fact, especially if this fact be an important element of the main. sentence: subject or object. As a rule, the demonstrative is added.

Panc. 147 naitad vetsi yat tvayā… narakopārjanaṃ kṛtam (you are not aware you have deserved hell), Vikram. I, p. 18 nanu vajriṇa eva vīryam etad vijayante dviṣato yad asya pakṣāḥ (it is, forsooth, the glory of the Thunderer, that his warriors triumph over his adversaries), Mhbh. 1, 150, 23 itaḥ kaṣṭataraṃ kiṃ tu tad vayaṃ gahane vane / diśaś ca na vijānīmo gantuṃ caiva na śaknumaḥ (what can be more miserable than this, that —), Panc. 56 kim evaṃ yujyate yat sarve pārthivā mayā saha vigrahaṃ kurvanti (is this right, that all kings are making war against me?), Çâk. II utkarṣaḥ sa ca dhanvināṃ yad iṣavaḥ sidhyanti lakṣye cale (it is the highest glory for an archer, that his arrows hit a moving aim). (*1). — In the following instances, the relative sentence precedes. Panc. 113 yat tvaṃ mantritvam abhilaṣasi tad apy ayuktam (that you covet the rank of minister, this too is unbecoming), Nala. 18, 10 yatsā tena parityaktā tatra na kroddhum arhati (she must not be angry, that he has left her).

(*1)
In the archaic dialect the indeclinable yat occasionally serves, like the pronoun ya, for the periphrastic expression of simple nominal predicates (456). Ch. Up. 1, 1, 8 eṣo eva samṛddhir yad anujñā. Max Muller translates »now permission is gratification”. Cp. also the passage of Mabâv. quoted 466 R.

463. yatの用法

接続詞としてのyatは、主に事実の言い換え表現、とりわけその事実が主文の重要な要素になるもの（＝主語・述語）、に用いられる。原則として、〔対応する〕指示代名詞が付加される。

Panc. 147 naitad vetsi yat tvayā… narakopārjanaṃ kṛtam (you are not aware you have deserved hell)
Vikram. I, p. 18 nanu vajriṇa eva vīryam etad vijayante dviṣato yadasya pakṣāḥ (it is, forsooth, the glory of the Thunderer, that his warriors triumph over his adversaries)
Mhbh. 1, 150, 23 itaḥ kaṣṭataraṃ kiṃ tu tad vayaṃ gahane vane / diśaś ca na vijānīmo gantuṃ caiva na śaknumaḥ (what can be more miserable than this, that —)
Panc. 56 kim evaṃ yujyate yatsarve pārthivā mayā saha vigrahaṃ kurvanti (is this right, that all kings are making war against me?)
Çâk. II utkarṣaḥ sa ca dhanvināṃ yad iṣavaḥ sidhyanti lakṣye cale (it is the highest glory for an archer, that his arrows hit a moving aim) （*1）

以下の例では、関係文が先行する。
Panc. 113 yat tvaṃ mantritvam abhilaṣasi tad apy ayuktam (that you covet the rank of minister, this too is unbecoming)
Nala. 18, 10 yatsā tena parityaktā tatra na kroddhum arhati (she must not be angry, that he has left her)

（*1）
ヴェーダ語では、不変化辞yatは時に、代名詞yaのように、単なる名詞述語の言い換え表現をもたらす（456）。
Ch. Up. 1, 1, 8 eṣo eva samṛddhir yad anujñā

Max Müllerはこれを「すると同意されたものが成就する」（now permission is gratification）と訳している。466-補足に引用したるMhbh.の一節とも比較せよ。