465. yat a causal particle.

Sometimes the sentence introduced by yat has a more or less causal character. When thus employed, yat is sometimes = that, f. i. after such phrases as I am happy, glad, sad, it is good, I wonder etc., what have I done to you? and the like, sometimes it is = because, since, as. Cp. the pronoun ya with causal meaning (458).

Examples: Panc. 148 dhanyo ‘haṃ yad dhvatāpi saha tatra kālaṃ nayāmi (I am happy that I shall still pass the time there in your company), here yat = yo ‘ham (458, a R.), Panc. 203 na tvayā sundaraṃ kṛtaṃ yan mamāvasathasthāne praviṣṭo ‘si (you have not done well to have entered my dwelling-place), Mṛcch. V, p. 188 jaladhara nirlajjas tvaṃ yanmā dayitasya veśma gacchantīṃ stanitena bhīṣayitvā dhārāhastaiḥ parāmṛśasi (cloud, thou art cruel, as thou frightenest me first by thy thunder, then layest violent hands on me, attacking me with showers of rain, while I am going to my sweetheart), R. 2, 113, 16 naitac citraṃ… yad āryaṃ tvayi tiṣṭhet (it is no wonder, that —), ibid. 2, 63, 38 kiṃ tavāpakṛtaṃ rājanvane nivasatā mayā / … yad ahaṃ tāḍitas tvayā (in what have I offended you that you should have slain me?), ibid. 2, 61, 9 vajrasāram ayaṃ nūnaṃ hṛdayaṃ me na saṃśayaḥ / apaśyantyā na taṃ yadvai phalatīdaṃ sahasradhā (certainly, my heart is of the hardest tone, since it does not burst into a thousand pieces now that I do not see him [my son]), Mudr. II, p. 79 kiṃ śeṣasya bharavyathā na vapuṣi kṣmāṃ na kṣipatyeṣa yat / kiṃ vā nāsti pariśramo dinapaterāste na yan niścalaḥ ([may it be inferred that] Çesha does not suffer from his burden, because he does not throw off the earth, or [that] the Sun does not feel tired, because he is not motionless?). R. 2, 68, 2 yat (since) precedes, tat (for this reason) follows.

Rem. Occasionally yena and yataḥ are used like yat in such phrases as »I am happy that” and the like. Prabodh. IV, p. 81 dhanyo ‘smi yena svāmināham evaṃ saṃbhāvitaḥ (I am happy, that my master has in this way honoured me), Panc. 296 kiṃ vayaṃ brāhmaṇasamānā yata āmantraṇaṃ karoṣi (are we the equals of brahmans, that you call us to dinner?).

yataḥ is occasionally put to verbs of knowing, saying, etc. (464).

465. 原因を表す不変化辞としてのyat

yatで導かれる文が多少なり原因を表す性質を持つことがある。このように用いられる場合、yatは英語の〔以下のような文の後に来る〕thatに等しいときがある：I am happy / glad / sad, it is good, I wonder etc., what have I done to you? 等。becauseやsince、asと等しいこともある。原因の意味を伴う代名詞ya（458）と比較せよ。

例：
Panc. 148 dhanyo ‘haṃ yad dhvatāpi saha tatra kālaṃ nayāmi (I am happy that I shall still pass the time there in your company)
ここでyatはyo ‘hamと等しい（458-a補足）。
Panc. 203 na tvayā sundaraṃ kṛtaṃ yan mamāvasathasthāne praviṣṭo ‘si (you have not done well to have entered my dwelling-place)
Mṛcch. V, p. 188 jaladhara nirlajjastvaṃ yanmā dayitasya veśma gacchantīṃ stanitena bhīṣayitvā dhārāhastaiḥ parāmṛśasi (cloud, thou art cruel, as thou frightenest me first by thy thunder, then layest violent hands on me, attacking me with showers of rain, while I am going to my sweetheart)
R. 2, 113, 16 naitac citraṃ… yad āryaṃ tvayi tiṣṭhet (it is no wonder, that —)
ibid. 2, 63, 38 kiṃ tavāpakṛtaṃ rājan vane nivasatā mayā / … yad ahaṃ tāḍitas tvayā (in what have I offended you that you should have slain me?)
ibid. 2, 61, 9 vajrasāram ayaṃ nūnaṃ hṛdayaṃ me na saṃśayaḥ / apaśyantyā na taṃ yad vai phalatīdaṃ sahasradhā (certainly, my heart is of the hardest tone, since it does not burst into a thousand pieces now that I do not see him [my son])
Mudr. II, p. 79 kiṃ śeṣasya bharavyathā na vapuṣi kṣmāṃ na kṣipatyeṣa yat / kiṃ vā nāsti pariśramo dinapaterāste na yanniścalaḥ ([may it be inferred that] Çesha does not suffer from his burden, because he does not throw off the earth, or [that] the Sun does not feel tired, because he is not motionless?)
R. 2, 68, 2 yat (since) が先行、tat (for this reason) が後に

【補足】
yenaとyataḥは、「…ので私は幸せである」等のような文ではyatのように用いられることがある。
Prabodh. IV, p. 81 dhanyo ‘smi yena svāmināham evaṃ saṃbhāvitaḥ (I am happy, that my master has in this way honoured me)
Panc. 296 kiṃ vayaṃ brāhmaṇasamānā yata āmantraṇaṃ karoṣi (are we the equals of brahmans, that you call us to dinner?)

yataḥは知る、言う、などの動詞に付されることがある（464）。