468. yena.

The conjunction yena is chiefly expressive of purpose or intention. One might, therefore, expect it to be construed with the optative or the future, and indeed so it is, yet the present is oftener employed, especially in simple prose. The same applies to yathā, when a final particle, see 471.

1. with liṅ: Kathâs. 36, 106 tadidānīṃ vanaṃ gatvā hariṃ śaraṇamāśraye / yena syāṃ naiva duḥkhānāṃ bhājanaṃ punarīdṛśām (therefore I will retire to the forest now and pray to Hari, that I may never more be exposed to such misfortunes); — 2. with future: Panc. 329 drutataraṃ gacchāmi yenaiṣa na mama pṛṣṭhameṣyati (I will go more swiftly, that he may not overtake me); — 3. with present: Panc. 327 preṣaya māṃ yena gṛhaṃ gacchāmi (dismiss me, that I may go home), ibid. 52 yatkiṃcid duḥkhakāraṇaṃ tadvada yena pratīkāraḥ kriyate.

When the demonstrative precedes, the sentence introduced by yena may be also a consecutive one, as it points to the direct consequence of the action signified by the main sentence. Kathâs. 12, 100 tathā kuru yena saḥ / gṛhānmama nivarteta (act so that he will retire from my house), Hit. 10 the tiger speaks mama caitāvānlobhaviraho yena svahastastham api suvarṇakaṅkaṇaṃ yasmai kasmaicid dātum icchāmi (I am so free from covetousness, as to wish to give —).

468. yena

接続詞yenaは主に目的や意図を表す。したがって、それがOpt.あるいはFut.と文法的に結びつくことが予期され、実際そうではあるのだが、特に単純な散文ではPres.が頻繁に用いられる。同じことが目的を表す不変化辞としてのyathāにも適用される。471をみよ。

1. Opt.（liṅ）を伴うもの
Kathâs. 36, 106 tad idānīṃ vanaṃ gatvā hariṃ śaraṇam āśraye / yena syāṃ naiva duḥkhānāṃ bhājanaṃ punarīdṛśām (therefore I will retire to the forest now and pray to Hari, that I may never more be exposed to such misfortunes)
2. Fut.を伴うもの
Panc. 329 drutataraṃ gacchāmi yenaiṣa na mama pṛṣṭhameṣyati (I will go more swiftly, that he may not overtake me)
3. Pres.を伴うもの
Panc. 327 preṣaya māṃ yena gṛhaṃ gacchāmi (dismiss me, that I may go home)
ibid. 52 yat kiṃcid duḥkhakāraṇaṃ tad vada yena pratīkāraḥ kriyate

指示代名詞が先行する場合、yenaに導かれる文は、主文によって表される行為の直接的な結果を指示するような、結果を表すものになる。
Kathâs. 12, 100 tathā kuru yena saḥ / gṛhān mama nivarteta (act so that he will retire from my house)
Hit. 10 the tiger speaks mama caitāvānlobhaviraho yena svahastastham api suvarṇakaṅkaṇaṃ yasmai kasmaicid dātum icchāmi (I am so free from covetousness, as to wish to give —)