481. yadi after verbs of doubting, inquiring etc.

yadi (if) is chiefly employed in the protasis of conditional periods. This main function will be treated in the following chapter. But, moreover, like our „if,” Greek εἰ, Lat. si, yadi serves to introduce the relative sentence which is the object of verbs of doubting, inquiring, observing, expecting, telling and the like. paśyāmi yadi = „I will see if (whether).”

Examples: Panc. 200 anviṣyatāṃ yady asmād vyasanātsunirmuktiḥ (inquire, if there is any opportunity of being relieved from this misfortune), ibid. 121 kathaya me yady asti kaścid upāyas tadvināśāya (tell me if —), Mhbh. 1, 154, 4 yadi vāsya vanasya tvaṃ devatā yadi vāpsarāḥ / ācakṣva mama (tell me whether you are the deity of this forest or an apsaras), Çâk. VI vicāryātāṃ yadi kācid āpannasattvā tasya bhāryāsu syāt (reflect if not one of hie wives may be in the family-way), Kumâras. 5, 44 vada pradoṣe sphuṭacandratārakā vibhāvarī yady aruṇāya kalpate (say, if the splendour of the evening-sky illumined by moon and stars, does befit Aruṇa). — Sometimes yadi and yat are equally available, f. i. with citram (wonder), and with such phrases as I cannot bear, I do not believe. {P. 3, 3, 147 with vârtt.} Çâk. III kim atra citraṃ yadi viśākhe śaśāṅkalekhām anuvartete (what wonder is it, that the two stare of the aeteriam Viçâkhâ join the crescent?), R. 2, 51, 14 nāśaṃse yadi jīvanti sarve te (I do not think, they are alive), ibid. 2, 86, 15 we have the like sentence, but the verb is an optative (jīveyuḥ). Cp. also R. 2, 73, 8 duṣkaraṃ yadi jīvetām, and the like.

Note also yadi with verbs of swearing, cursing and the like. Panc. 75 mama devagurukṛtaḥ śapathaḥ syād yadi tadāsvādayāmi (I may be cursed by gods or parents, if I taste of it).

481. 疑う・調べる等の動詞の後に来るyadi

yadi（if）は主に条件文の前提節で〔「もし…なら」のように〕用いられる。これの主要なはたらきは後の章で扱う。しかし、それに加えてyadiは、英語のifや古代ギリシャ語のεἰ、ラテン語のsiと同様に、疑う、調べる、観察する、期待する、伝えるなどの動詞の目的語であるところの関係文を導くことに資する。paśyāmi yadiは「…かどうか、私は確かめよう」となる。

例：
Panc. 200 anviṣyatāṃ yady asmād vyasanātsunirmuktiḥ (inquire, if there is any opportunity of being relieved from this misfortune)
ibid. 121 kathaya me yady asti kaścid upāyas tadvināśāya (tell me if —)
Mhbh. 1, 154, 4 yadi vāsya vanasya tvaṃ devatā yadi vāpsarāḥ / ācakṣva mama (tell me whether you are the deity of this forest or an apsaras)
Çâk. VI vicāryātāṃ yadi kācid āpannasattvā tasya bhāryāsu syāt (reflect if not one of hie wives may be in the family-way)
Kumâras. 5, 44 vada pradoṣe sphuṭacandratārakā vibhāvarī yady aruṇāya kalpate (say, if the splendour of the evening-sky illumined by moon and stars, does befit Aruṇa)

citram（wonder）や「私は…に堪えられない」、「私は…とは信じない」のようなフレーズを伴うなど、yadiとyatが共に使用可能なこともある。{P. 3, 3, 147 with vârtt.} Çâk. III kim atra citraṃ yadi viśākhe śaśāṅkalekhām anuvartete (what wonder is it, that the two stare of the aeteriam Viçâkhâ join the crescent?)
R. 2, 51, 14 nāśaṃse yadi jīvanti sarve te (I do not think, they are alive)

ibid. 2, 86, 15は似た文であるが、動詞はOpt.である（jīveyuḥ）。R. 2, 73, 8 duṣkaraṃ yadi jīvetām等とも比較せよ。

罵る、呪う等の動詞を伴うyadiにも注意せよ。
Panc. 75 mama devagurukṛtaḥ śapathaḥ syād yadi tad āsvādayāmi (I may be cursed by gods or parents, if I taste of it)