487. Asyndetic construction.

Occasionally the protasis of a conditional period is not introduced by any particle at all. This asyndetic construction is not very common, but it exists in Sanskrit, as it does in many other languages. Just as we say: should he have done it = if he should etc., or as the Latin poet Horace (Epp. 1, 1, 33) fervet avaritia miseroque cupidine pectus: sunt verba et voces, quibus hunc lenire dolorem possis, so the Sanskrit poet, quoted Hit. 98, writes khalaḥ karoti durvṛttaṃ nūnaṃ phalati sādhuṣu (should a rascal do evil, the consequences will certainly be felt by honest people (*1)).

2. Another type of asyndetic connection is that exemplified Mṛcch. V, p. 184 meghā varṣantuṃ garjantu muñcantvaśanimeva vā / gaṇayanti na śītoṣṇaṃ ramaṇābhimukhāḥ (the clouds may pour out rain, thunder and lightning, women who are going to their sweethearts do not care for the weather). Here the protasis is expressive of the possible obstacles and still the chief action passes. The imperative in the protasis is, it seems, not necessary, cp. Panc. V, 25 śūraḥ surūpaḥ subhagaś ca vāgmī śastrāṇi śāstrāṇi vidāṃkaroti / arthaṃ naiva yaśaś ca mānaṃ prāpnoti martyā ‘tra manuṣyaloke (suppose one to be gallant, well-shapen, happy in love, eloquent, a master at all kind of arms and in all branches of learning, yet, without money no man on earth will achieve glory or honor).

3. A third type of asyndetic construction is an imperative followed by a future, when exhorting to an action and foretelling its result, f. i. do so and you will be happy = do so, [for if you do so] you will be happy. So R. 1, 46, 5 Kâçyapa says to Diti śucir bhava tapodhane / janayiṣyasi putraṃ tvaṃ śakrahantāramāhave.

(*1)
Compare Pat. I, p. 31 eko ‘ndho darśane asamarthas tatsamudāyaś ca śatam apy asamartham »one blind man being unable to see, a collection of blind ones will likewise be unable.”

487. 省略構文

条件文の前提節が、どんな不変化辞にも導かれないことがある。この省略構文はあまりありふれたものではないが、他の多くの言語と同様にサンスクリットにも存在する。ちょうど英語では”should he have done it”が”if he should”等と等しかったり、あるいはラテン語の詩人ホラティウスの一節”fervet avaritia miseroque cupidine pectus: sunt verba et voces, quibus hunc lenire dolorem possis”（Epp. 1, 1, 33）のように、サンスクリットでも以下のように書く：
Hit. 98 khalaḥ karoti durvṛttaṃ nūnaṃ phalati sādhuṣu (should a rascal do evil, the consequences will certainly be felt by honest people) （*1）

2. 省略接続の別の形式は以下に例証される：
Mṛcch. V, p. 184 meghā varṣantuṃ garjantu muñcantvaśanim eva vā / gaṇayanti na śītoṣṇaṃ ramaṇābhimukhāḥ (the clouds may pour out rain, thunder and lightning, women who are going to their sweethearts do not care for the weather)

ここで前提節はあり得る障害を表し、その間も主行為は進行する。前提節におけるIpv.は必須でないように思われる。以下と比較せよ。
Panc. V, 25 śūraḥ surūpaḥ subhagaś ca vāgmī śastrāṇi śāstrāṇi vidāṃkaroti / arthaṃ naiva yaśaś ca mānaṃ prāpnoti martyā ‘tra manuṣyaloke (suppose one to be gallant, well-shapen, happy in love, eloquent, a master at all kind of arms and in all branches of learning, yet, without money no man on earth will achieve glory or honor)

3. 省略構文の第3の形式は、ある行為を勧奨したり、その行為の結果を予言したりする場合に、Ipv.後にFut.が続くもの、である（例えば「…せよ。〔もしそうするならば、〕あなたは幸せになるだろう」＝「…すればあなたは幸福になるだろう」）。
R. 1, 46, 5 Kâçyapa says to Diti śucir bhava tapodhane / janayiṣyasi putraṃ tvaṃ śakra hantāram āhave

（*1）
以下と比較せよ：Pat. I, p. 31 eko ‘ndho darśane asamarthas tat samudāyaś ca śatam apy asamartham »one blind man being unable to see, a collection of blind ones will likewise be unable.”