489.

Conditional periods of the third category require the employment of the optative (liṅ); if they are, however, expressive of a supposition, which cannot be realized because the proper time has already passed, the conditional is also available, cp. 347.

Examples: 1st category. Çâk. V yadi yathā vadati kṣitipas tathā tvam asi kiṃ pitur utkulayā tvayā / atha tu vetsi śuci vratamātmanaḥ patikule tava dāsyam api kṣamam, here the present tense is expressive of present time: »if you really are… , but if you are knowing;” — Panc. 278 the minister’s wife makes this condition to her husband yadi śiro muṇḍayitvā mama pādayor nipatasi tadā prasādābhimukhī bhavāmi (if you fall at my feet with shaven head, I will be kind again), here the present tense signifies something to be fulfilled in the future. But ibid. 113 yadi tvam asya mantrī bhavaṣyasi tadānyo ‘pi kaścinnāsya samīpe sādhujanaḥ sameṣyati (if you shall be his minister, then no other honest man will come near him) the future tense is used of future action. Likewise Nala. 20, 15 kāmaṃ ca te kariṣyāmi yanmāṃ vakṣyasi bāhuka vidarbhān yadi yātvādya sūryaṃ darśayitāsi me there is a future in both the conditional clause and the main sentence. Cp. 341*.

Rem. In conditional periods of this category the liṅ is wanted, if for some accessory reason there be a tendency for employing it, f. i. in suppositions of a general bearing (343 e), as Varâh. Yog. 1, 4 syāc chidram ekam api cet tata eva sarvaṃ nāśaṃ prayāti (if but one [of the aforesaid conditions for the success of a prince] be deficient, the whole perishes).

2d category. Mhbh. 3, 297 , 98 Sâvitrî prays yadi me ‘sti tapastaptaṃ yadi dattaṃ hutaṃ yadi / śvaśrūśvaśurabhartṝṇāṃ mama puṇyāstu śarvarī (if I have done penance, bestowed gifts and poured out libations — [and so I have] — this night may be propitious —), Mṛcch. III, p. 121 yadi tāvat kṛtān tena praṇayo ‘rtheṣu kṛtaḥ / kim idānīṃ nṛśaṃsena cāritramapi dṛṣitam (if thou hast loved till now my fortune only, why, destructive Fate, hast thou now without mercy profaned my virtuous name?).

3d category. Mṛcch.III, p. 113 dīpaṃ na marṣayedabhimukhaṃ syāllakṣyasuptaṃ yadi [sc. dvayam] (nor would they bear the light being brought near to them, if they only feigned to sleep), R. 2, 67, 36 aho tama ivedaṃ syān na prajñāyeta kiṃcana / rājā cen na bhavelloke vibhajansādhvasādhunī (darkness as it were would be on earth, and nothing would be discernible, if no king were in the world, to discriminate between good and evil), Kumâras. 6, 61 kartavyaṃ vo na paśyāmi syāc cet kiṃ nopapadyate (I know nothing, I could do for you; if there should be, all is granted). Other instances of liṅ see 343 d), instances of conditional 347.

489. 1.～3.の用例

3.のカテゴリの条件文はOpt.を用いることが求められる；実際には、それらが、時機を逸したために実現し得ないところの仮定を表す場合、条件文も使用可能である。347をみよ。

例：
1.
Çâk. V yadi yathā vadati kṣitipas tathā tvam asi kiṃ pitur utkulayā tvayā / atha tu vetsi śuci vratamātmanaḥ patikule tava dāsyam api kṣamam（ここでPres.は現在時を表す；»if you really are… , but if you are knowing”）
Panc. 278 the minister’s wife makes this condition to her husband yadi śiro muṇḍayitvā mama pādayor nipatasi tadā prasādābhimukhī bhavāmi （ここではPres.が未来に遂行されることを表す；»if you fall at my feet with shaven head, I will be kind again”）
ibid. 113 yadi tvam asya mantrī bhavaṣyasi tadānyo ‘pi kaścin nāsya samīpe sādhujanaḥ sameṣyati （ここでFut.は未来の行為に用いられる；if you shall be his minister, then no other honest man will come near him）
Nala. 20, 15 kāmaṃ ca te kariṣyāmi yanmāṃ vakṣyasi bāhuka vidarbhān yadi yātvādya sūryaṃ darśayitāsi me （上と同様。Fut.は条件節と主文の両方にある）
Cp. 341*.

【補足】
このカテゴリの条件文では、何らかの付随理由のためにそれを用いる傾向にある場合、例えば下のような一般的概念についての仮定（343e）においては、Opt.（liṅ）が必要とされる。
Varâh. Yog. 1, 4 syāc chidram ekam api cet tata eva sarvaṃ nāśaṃ prayāti (if but one [of the aforesaid conditions for the success of a prince] be deficient, the whole perishes)

2.
Mhbh. 3, 297 , 98 Sâvitrî prays yadi me ‘sti tapastaptaṃ yadi dattaṃ hutaṃ yadi / śvaśrūśvaśurabhartṝṇāṃ mama puṇyāstu śarvarī (if I have done penance, bestowed gifts and poured out libations — [and so I have] — this night may be propitious —)
Mṛcch. III, p. 121 yadi tāvat kṛtān tena praṇayo ‘rtheṣu kṛtaḥ / kim idānīṃ nṛśaṃsena cāritram api dṛṣitam (if thou hast loved till now my fortune only, why, destructive Fate, hast thou now without mercy profaned my virtuous name?)

3.
Mṛcch. III, p. 113 dīpaṃ na marṣayed abhimukhaṃ syāl lakṣyasuptaṃ yadi [sc. dvayam] (nor would they bear the light being brought near to them, if they only feigned to sleep)
R. 2, 67, 36 aho tama ivedaṃ syān na prajñāyeta kiṃcana / rājā cen na bhavel loke vibhajan sādhvasādhunī (darkness as it were would be on earth, and nothing would be discernible, if no king were in the world, to discriminate between good and evil)
Kumâras. 6, 61 kartavyaṃ vo na paśyāmi syāc cet kiṃ nopapadyate (I know nothing, I could do for you; if there should be, all is granted)

Opt.（liṅ）の他の用例については343-dを、条件文の例については347をみよ。